Glöckner Group | Aktuelles
Interview and Talk | Prof. Dr. Andreas Glöckner
Talk and Interview with Andreas Glöckner on social preferences in cross-national interactions by Yefim Roth
Veranstalter:
Decision Experience and Behavior (DEB) Seminar
Ort:
online
Information:
Titel: Social Preferences in Cross-National Interactions
When making decisions, individuals do not only take into account their own payoffs but often additionally consider the consequences for others. Models of social preferences (e.g., social value orientation) aim to describe exactly how outcome for the self and for others are integrated. Models widely differ concerning whether and how various factors are taken into account. They contain for example different relative weights for the own and the other outcome, take into account inequality (i.e. differences in outcomes for self and other) and/or efficiency concerns (i.e. the sum of outcomes). Some models, such as Jenkins et al. (2018), also differentiate between cases of advantageous and disadvantageous inequality. Jenkins et al. suggested a Social Perception-Weighted (SPW) model of social valuation, which takes into account perceived competence and warmth from the stereotype content model and show its superiority in predicting behavior. We conduct a comprehensive model comparison by (i) applying SPW to cross-national interactions, (ii) testing SPW against competing models, and (iii) extending SPW by including further variables. We analyze choices from an incentivized, multi-national study (N = 6,182). In the experiment, individuals from 25 nations allocated money between themselves and individuals from the own and each other nation. Stereotype perception, perceived conflict between nations and further factors were measured. Based on these model comparisons, we identify relevant structures and factors and suggest an extended model of social preference for cross-national interactions taking into account social perception.
Department Talk | Prof. Dr. Dan Simon
Veranstalter:
Department Psychologie der Humanwissenschaftlichen Fakultät
Ort:
Seminarraum 183 im HF-Modulbau (Geb. Nr. 906, 3. OG).
Herbert-Lewin-Str. 10
50931 Köln
Information:
Herr Prof. Dan Simon (University of Southern California) wird im Rahmen der Gastvortragsreihe im Department Psychologie einen Vortrag halten.
Titel: Is Criminal Punishment Prosocial?
Criminal punishment is said to be justified, even warranted, by its promotion of positive societal goals. Indeed, the stylized justifications of punishment— retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, norm expression, and rehabilitation— arendergirded by laudable goals of restoring justice, reducing crime, reinforcing societal norms, and rehabilitating people. Yet, despite these lofty goals, the punishment policy in the United States has produced a massive and racialized incarceration regimen whose harms far exceed its benefits. One key to this enigma stems from the punitiveness of the American public, as channeled through the political process. In this study, we set out to probe the notion of punitiveness, seeking to explore whether it may be influenced also by goals that cannot be considered prosocial. Testing a large sample of US respondents, we measured how twenty-one different constructs (comprising of fifty-nine individual measures) correlated with punitiveness and with one another. The findings reveal that punitiveness is strongly and positively related to almost all of the hypothesized constructs, suggesting a highly complex, yet cohesive, psychological mindset. The results paint a picture of punitiveness that deviates markedly from the prosociality of the formal justifications, as it correlates with beliefs, worldviews, ideologies, and racial attitudes that run against democratic values and prescribed legal safeguards. Notably, punitiveness is strongly related to a variety of factors that represent hostile aggression, including endorsement of degradation and infliction of suffering on prisoners, and acceptance of violence—including sexual assault—in prison. We find also that punitiveness is closely interrelated with vengeance and with hatred of people who commit crimes. These findings call for a shift in the prevailing discourse to include a frank acknowledgement of the ways in which criminal punishment serves to satisfy the psychological needs of the punishing public. We undertake to make the entire project openly available, including the measures used and the data, in the hope that it will serve as a resource to assist policy makers and facilitate further research into this complex and crucial issue.
Global Faculty Talk | Paul van Lange
Veranstalter:
Department Psychologie der Humanwissenschaftlichen Fakultät
Ort:
Hörsaal H115 im IBW-Gebäude (Geb.-Nr. 211, 3. OG).
Herbert-Lewin-Str. 2
50931 Köln
Information:
Herr Prof. Paul van Lange (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) wird im Rahmen der Gastvortragsreihe im Department Psychologie einen Vortrag zum o. g. Thema halten.
Are humans naturally good? Are we naturally bad, or both? In the history of science, most philosophers have long assumed that humankind is bad rather than good. Nietsche, Schopenauer, Hobbes are perhaps among the first that come to mind, with Rousseau as the exception to the rule. But with the increase in empirical science, views of humankind can now be addressed through research, including revisiting some classic studies in the field of social psychology. As the title suggests, a broader look at research supports the conclusion that most individuals are good, but most groups are not. The talk discusses explanations and offers suggestions for solutions to boost the goodness of groups.